Abstract
The war that Russia started against Ukraine more than a year ago, which is the largest in scale since World War II, continues in Ukraine. Starting from February 24, 2022, martial law has been introduced in Ukraine. In connection with this, Ukraine has faced a number of issues that require careful study, immediate operational resolution, and state regulation. The foreign economic activity of enterprises under conditions of martial law has a certain specificity. Throughout the full-scale war, the country's economy has suffered enormous losses, which continue to accumulate. A detailed analysis of the current situation and the factors that affect it plays a significant role in stabilizing and restoring the economy, and based on the conclusions drawn, prompt state regulation of foreign economic activity is essential to ensure national security. State regulation of foreign economic activity is aimed at protecting Ukraine's economic interests, as well as the rights and legitimate interests of foreign economic activity entities. Currently, foreign economic activity should ensure national security without exaggeration. In modern conditions, when some budget-forming enterprises of the state are destroyed or damaged, part of the territory is occupied, and another is constantly shelled in the combat zone, international logistics routes for export and import of goods and logistics centers for supply and storage of goods are disrupted, the energy system is experiencing unprecedented destruction, some international transport corridors are closed, and others work with significant overload, state regulation of foreign economic activity of enterprises is of great importance. At the same time, it is important to create favorable conditions for enterprises operating in conditions of combat and restrictions. State regulation of foreign economic activity should provide their protection and support, including by reducing bureaucratic obstacles, accelerating customs clearance procedures, and simplifying rules for the export and import of goods. These measures will help enterprises maintain competitiveness in crisis conditions and strengthen their positions in the international market
Keywords
foreign economic activity; foreign economic activity of enterprises; foreign economic policy; international trade; world market; state regulation of foreign economic activity; import; export; state of war; national security of the state
References
1. Brodberri S. and Harrison M. (2005). The Economics of World War I: Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 344 p.
2. Business during War, 2022. URL: https://export.gov.ua/business_during_war (accessed March 07, 2023).
3. Analytical team research of the Kyiv School of Economics (KSE), 2022. URL: https://kse.ua/ua/about-the-school/news/zagalna-suma-pryamih-zbitkiv-zavdana-infrastrukturi-ukrayini-cherez-viynu-zrosla-do-mayzhe-138-mlrd/ (accessed March 07, 2023).
4. Economy of Ukraine's regions in times of war: risks and directions for ensuring stability: scientific-analytical publication / ed. by I. Storonyanska. Lviv, Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2022. 70 p.
5. Save and Secure: How Logistics Changed in Ukraine During the War. Online publication, 2022. URL: https://mind.ua/openmind/20241674-zberegti-ta-zabezpechiti-yak-zminilasya-logistika-v-ukrayini-pid-chas-vijni.
6. Foreign trade in goods in 2022. State Statistics Service of Ukraine, 2022. URL: https://ukrstat.gov.ua/.
7. Foreign Support for Ukraine: Evidence from a Database of Military, Financial, and Humanitarian Aid. Report from the Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW). URL: https://cepr.org/voxeu/columns/foreign-support-ukraine-evidence-database-military-financial-and-humanitarian-aid.
8. Ishchuk S. O., Polyakova Y. V., Protsyvat O. S. (2021). Structure and dynamics of Ukrainian commodity exports: regional dimension. Regional Economy. 20–28.
9. Logistics during War: How Ukrainian Businesses Can Organize Transportation Flows. Online publication, 2022. URL: https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-other_news/3566470-logistika-pid-cas-vijni-ak-ukrainskomu-biznesu-organizuvati-transportni-potoki.html.
10. Obukh V. (2022). Restoring exports in times of war: difficult, but vital. Ukrinform, 2022. URL: https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-economy/3449529-vidnoviti-eksport-v-umovah-vijni-skladno-ale-zittevo-neobhidno.html.
11. The main reference data used by UNHCR Ukraine. URL: https://data.unhcr.org/en/situations/ukraine.
12. On the prohibition of the export of goods from Ukraine to the customs territory of the Russian Federation: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 1076 of 27.09.2022. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1076-2022-%D0%BF#Text.
13. On the closure of seaports: Order of the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine No. 256 of 28.04.2022. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0470-22#Text.
14. On the application of the ban on the import of goods from the Russian Federation: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 426 of 09.04.2022. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/426-2022-%D0%BF#Text.
15. On the approval of lists of goods, the export and import of which is subject to licensing, and quotas for 2022: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 1424 of 29.12.2021, URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1424-2021-%D0%BF#Text.
16. On the approval of the list of medicines and medical devices imported and supplied to the customs territory of Ukraine during martial law: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of 27.12.2022 No. 1447. URL: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/npas/pro-zatverdzhennia-pereliku-likarskykh-zasobiv-ta-me-a1447?fbclid=IwAR2monvYbD8Z7pVvdfyQZcrQ7Glw-nJe6RnfB3LyMYYdstGlHp4xuQOxmKI.
17. On the approval of the Decree of the President of Ukraine "On the Introduction of Martial Law in Ukraine": Law of Ukraine No. 2102-ІХ of 24.02.2022. URL: https://ips.ligazakon.net/document/T222102?an=2
18. On foreign economic activity: Law of Ukraine No. 959-XII of 16.04.1991. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/959-12#Text.
19. On the list of critical import goods: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 153 of 24.02.2022. URL: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/npas/pro-perelik-tovariv-kritichnogo-importu-153-240222.
20. About the legal regime of martial law: Law of Ukraine dated 12.05.2015 № 389-VIII URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2394-20#n69.
21. On the temporary closure of certain checkpoints across the state border and control points: Order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine № 188-r dated 26.02.2022. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/188-2022-%D1%80#Text.
22. About temporary measures to liberalize trade complementing trade preferences applied to Ukrainian goods: Regulation (EU) of the European Parliament and of the Council dated 30.05.2022 № 2022/870. URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv%3AOJ.L_.2022.152.01.0103.01.ENG&toc=OJ%3AL%3A2022%3A152%3ATOC.
23. Regional volumes of foreign trade in goods in 2022 / State Statistics Service of Ukraine. 2022. URL: https://ukrstat.gov.ua/.
24. Russia is trying to provoke a global price crisis, and Ukrainian exports will help stabilize the markets – statement by President Volodymyr Zelensky / Office of the President of Ukraine. 2022. URL: https://www.president.gov.ua/news/rosiya-namagayetsya-sprovokuvati-globalnu-cinovu-krizu-ta-uk-74621.
25. Skrypnyk S., Protsieviat O., Voronova O. (2022). "Features of regulation of foreign economic activity in conditions of martial law." Economics and Society, 2022. № 38. URL: https://economyandsociety.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/1308.
26. Statistical export and import of goods in 2022 / State Customs Service of Ukraine, 2022. URL: https://customs.gov.ua/en/statistika-ta-reiestri#reiestri.
27. Shvets A. The role of the EU in restoring Ukraine's export potential in wartime. Scientific innovations and advanced technologies, 6(8), 447-458. URL: http://perspectives.pp.ua/index.php/nauka/article/view/1712.